Romans 1:28–30
And even as they did not like to retain God in their knowledge, God gave them over to a reprobate mind, to do those things which are not convenient;
And euen as they did not like to ‖retaine God in their knowledge, God gaue them ouer to ‖a reprobate minde, to doe those things which are not conuenient:
Original 1611 marginTranslation notes and cross-references are kept distinct.
- ‖Alternative wordingOr, to acknowledge.
- ‖Alternative wordingOr, a minde voyde of iudgement.
Being filled with all unrighteousness, fornication, wickedness, covetousness, maliciousness; full of envy, murder, debate, deceit, malignity; whisperers,
Being filled with all vnrighteousnes, fornication, wickednesse, couetousnes, maliciousnes, full of enuie, murther, debate, deceit, malignitie, whisperers,
Backbiters, haters of God, despiteful, proud, boasters, inventors of evil things, disobedient to parents,
Backbiters, haters of God, despitefull, proude, boasters, inuenters of euill things, disobedient to parents;
Narration uses the Pure Cambridge Edition.
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SCRIPTURE WITH SCRIPTURE
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15 Essential passages are open for comparison.
From verse 28
- 2 Thessalonians 2:10–12Rank 1 from verse 28
10And with all deceivableness of unrighteousness in them that perish; because they received not the love of the truth, that they might be saved.
11And for this cause God shall send them strong delusion, that they should believe a lie:
12That they all might be damned who believed not the truth, but had pleasure in unrighteousness.
10And with all deceiueablenesse of vnrighteousnesse, in them that perish: because they receiued not the loue of the trueth, that they might be saued.
11And for this cause God shall send them strong delusion, that they should beleeue a lye:
12That they all might bee damned who beleeued not the trueth, but had pleasure in vnrighteousnes.
- Romans 1:21Rank 2 from verse 28
21Because that, when they knew God, they glorified him not as God, neither were thankful; but became vain in their imaginations, and their foolish heart was darkened.
21Because that when they knew God, they glorified him not as God, neither were thankefull, but became vaine in their imaginations, and their foolish heart was darkened:
- Titus 1:16Rank 3 from verse 28
- Jeremiah 9:6Rank 4 from verse 28
- Romans 1:24Rank 5 from verse 28
- 2 Timothy 3:8Rank 6 from verse 28
- Romans 8:7–8Rank 7 from verse 28
7Because the carnal mind is enmity against God: for it is not subject to the law of God, neither indeed can be.
8So then they that are in the flesh cannot please God.
7Because †the carnall minde is enmitie against God: for it is not subiect to the law of God, neither indeed can be.
8So then they that are in the flesh, cannot please God.
- Proverbs 5:12–13Rank 8 from verse 28
12And say, How have I hated instruction, and my heart despised reproof;
13And have not obeyed the voice of my teachers, nor inclined mine ear to them that instructed me!
12And say, How haue I hated instruction, and my heart despised reproofe?
13And haue not obeyed the voyce of my teachers, nor inclined mine eare to them that instructed me?
- Jeremiah 4:22Rank 9 from verse 28
22For my people is foolish, they have not known me; they are sottish children, and they have none understanding: they are wise to do evil, but to do good they have no knowledge.
22For my people is foolish, they haue not knowen me, they are sottish children, and they haue none vnderstanding: they are wise to doe euill, but to doe good they haue no knowledge.
- Jeremiah 6:30Rank 10 from verse 28
- Job 21:14–15Rank 11 from verse 28
14Therefore they say unto God, Depart from us; for we desire not the knowledge of thy ways.
15What is the Almighty, that we should serve him? and what profit should we have, if we pray unto him?
14*Therefore they say vnto God, Depart from vs: for we desire not the knowledge of thy wayes.
15What is the Almightie, that wee should serue him? and what profite should we haue, if we pray vnto him?
- 1 Corinthians 15:34Rank 12 from verse 28
- 2 Corinthians 13:5–7Rank 13 from verse 28
5Examine yourselves, whether ye be in the faith; prove your own selves. Know ye not your own selves, how that Jesus Christ is in you, except ye be reprobates?
6But I trust that ye shall know that we are not reprobates.
7Now I pray to God that ye do no evil; not that we should appear approved, but that ye should do that which is honest, though we be as reprobates.
5Examine your selues, whether ye be in the faith: proue your owne selues. Know yee not your owne selues, how that Iesus Christ is in you, except ye be reprobates?
6But I trust that yee shall knowe that we are not reprobates.
7Now I pray to God, that ye doe no euill, not that we should appeare approued, but that ye should doe y t which is honest, though we be as reprobates.
- 2 Corinthians 4:4–6Rank 14 from verse 28
4In whom the god of this world hath blinded the minds of them which believe not, lest the light of the glorious gospel of Christ, who is the image of God, should shine unto them.
5For we preach not ourselves, but Christ Jesus the Lord; and ourselves your servants for Jesus’ sake.
6For God, who commanded the light to shine out of darkness, hath shined in our hearts, to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ.
4In whom the God of this world hath blinded the minds of them which beleeue not, lest the light of the glorious Gospel of Christ, who is the image of God, should shine vnto them.
5For we preach not our selues, but Christ Iesus the Lord, and our selues your seruants for Iesus sake.
6For God who commaunded the light to shine out of darkenes, hath shined in our hearts, to giue the light of the knowledge of the glory of God, in the face of Iesus Christ.
6¶ My people are destroyed for lack of knowledge: because thou hast rejected knowledge, I will also reject thee, that thou shalt be no priest to me: seeing thou hast forgotten the law of thy God, I will also forget thy children.
6¶ †My people are destroyed for lacke of knowledge: because thou hast reiected knowledge, I will also reiect thee, that thou shalt be no priest to me: seeing thou hast forgotten the lawe of thy God, I wil also forget thy children.
- Proverbs 1:22Rank 16 from verse 28
- Proverbs 1:29Rank 17 from verse 28
- Proverbs 1:7Rank 18 from verse 28
- 2 Thessalonians 1:8Rank 19 from verse 28
- Ephesians 5:4Rank 20 from verse 28
- Romans 1:18Rank 21 from verse 28
- Proverbs 17:16Rank 22 from verse 28
- Romans 1:26Rank 23 from verse 28
- 2 Peter 3:5Rank 24 from verse 28
- Acts 17:23Rank 25 from verse 28
23For as I passed by, and beheld your devotions, I found an altar with this inscription, TO THE UNKNOWN GOD. Whom therefore ye ignorantly worship, him declare I unto you.
23For as I passed by, and beheld your ‖deuotions, I found an Altar with this inscription, TO THE VNKNOWEN GOD. Whom therefore yee ignorantly worship, him declare I vnto you.
- 2 Corinthians 10:5Rank 26 from verse 28
5Casting down imaginations, and every high thing that exalteth itself against the knowledge of God, and bringing into captivity every thought to the obedience of Christ;
5Casting down ‖imaginations, and euery high thing that exalteth it selfe against the knowledge of God, and bringing into captiuitie euery thought to the obedience of Christ:
- Acts 17:32Rank 27 from verse 28
- Philemon 1:8Rank 28 from verse 28
From verse 29
- 2 Corinthians 12:20Rank 1 from verse 29
20For I fear, lest, when I come, I shall not find you such as I would, and that I shall be found unto you such as ye would not: lest there be debates, envyings, wraths, strifes, backbitings, whisperings, swellings, tumults:
20For I feare lest when I come, I shall not find you such as I would, and that I shall bee found vnto you such as ye would not, lest there bee debates, enuyings, wraths, strifes, backebitings, whisperings, swellings, tumults,
- Proverbs 16:28Rank 2 from verse 29
- Proverbs 26:20Rank 3 from verse 29
- Psalms 41:7Rank 4 from verse 29
- Romans 3:10Rank 5 from verse 29
From verse 30
- 2 Timothy 3:2Rank 1 from verse 30
16These are murmurers, complainers, walking after their own lusts; and their mouth speaketh great swelling words, having men’s persons in admiration because of advantage.
16These are murmurers complainers, walking after their owne lustes, and their mouth speaketh great swelling wordes, hauing mens persons in admiration because of aduantage.
- 2 Peter 2:18Rank 3 from verse 30
18For when they speak great swelling words of vanity, they allure through the lusts of the flesh, through much wantonness, those that were clean escaped from them who live in error.
18For when they speake great svelling words of vanitie, they alure through the lusts of the flesh, through much wantonnesse, those that were ‖cleane escaped from them who liue in errour.
- James 4:16Rank 5 from verse 30
- Romans 8:7–8Rank 6 from verse 30
7Because the carnal mind is enmity against God: for it is not subject to the law of God, neither indeed can be.
8So then they that are in the flesh cannot please God.
7Because †the carnall minde is enmitie against God: for it is not subiect to the law of God, neither indeed can be.
8So then they that are in the flesh, cannot please God.
3For we ourselves also were sometimes foolish, disobedient, deceived, serving divers lusts and pleasures, living in malice and envy, hateful, and hating one another.
3For we our selues also were sometimes foolish, disobedient, deceiued, seruing diuers lusts and pleasures, liuing in malice and enuy, hatefull, and hating one another.
- 1 Kings 20:11Rank 8 from verse 30
- 2 Chronicles 19:2Rank 9 from verse 30
2And Jehu the son of Hanani the seer went out to meet him, and said to king Jehoshaphat, Shouldest thou help the ungodly, and love them that hate the Lord? therefore is wrath upon thee from before the Lord.
2And Iehu the sonne of Hanani the seer, went out to meete him, and sayd to king Iehoshaphat, Shouldest thou helpe the vngodly, and loue them that hate the LORD? Therefore is wrath vpon thee from before the LORD.
- 2 Chronicles 25:19Rank 10 from verse 30
19Thou sayest, Lo, thou hast smitten the Edomites; and thine heart lifteth thee up to boast: abide now at home; why shouldest thou meddle to thine hurt, that thou shouldest fall, even thou, and Judah with thee?
19Thou sayest, Loe, thou hast smitten the Edomites, and thine heart lifteth thee vp to boast. Abide now at home, why shouldest thou meddle to thine hurt, that thou shouldest fall, euen thou, and Iudah with thee?
- 2 Corinthians 10:15Rank 11 from verse 30
15Not boasting of things without our measure, that is, of other men’s labours; but having hope, when your faith is increased, that we shall be enlarged by you according to our rule abundantly,
15Not boasting of things without our measure, that is, of other mens labours, but hauing hope, when your faith is increased, that wee shall bee ‖enlarged by you, according to our rule abundantly.
- 2 Thessalonians 2:4Rank 12 from verse 30
4Who opposeth and exalteth himself above all that is called God, or that is worshipped; so that he as God sitteth in the temple of God, shewing himself that he is God.
4Who opposeth and exalteth himselfe aboue all that is called God, or that is worshipped: so that he as God, sitteth in the Temple of God, shewing himselfe that he is God.
36For before these days rose up Theudas, boasting himself to be somebody; to whom a number of men, about four hundred, joined themselves: who was slain; and all, as many as obeyed him, were scattered, and brought to nought.
36For before these dayes rose vp Theudas, boasting himselfe to be some body, to whom a number of men, about foure hundred, ioyned themselues: who was slaine, and all, as many as ‖obeied him, were scattered, & brought to nought.
- Deuteronomy 21:18–21Rank 14 from verse 30
18¶ If a man have a stubborn and rebellious son, which will not obey the voice of his father, or the voice of his mother, and that, when they have chastened him, will not hearken unto them:
19Then shall his father and his mother lay hold on him, and bring him out unto the elders of his city, and unto the gate of his place;
20And they shall say unto the elders of his city, This our son is stubborn and rebellious, he will not obey our voice; he is a glutton, and a drunkard.
21And all the men of his city shall stone him with stones, that he die: so shalt thou put evil away from among you; and all Israel shall hear, and fear.
18¶ If a man haue a stubborne and rebellious sonne, which will not obey the voice of his father, or the voice of his mother, and that when they haue chastened him, wil not hearken vnto them:
19Then shall his father and his mother lay hold on him, and bring him out vnto the Elders of his citie, and vnto the gate of his place:
20And they shall say vnto the Elders of his citie, This our sonne is stubborne, and rebellious, hee will not obey our voice: he is a glutton, & a drunkard.
21And all the men of his city shall stone him with stones, that hee die: so shalt thou put euill away from among you, and all Israel shall heare, & feare.
- Deuteronomy 27:16Rank 15 from verse 30
- Deuteronomy 7:10Rank 16 from verse 30
- Ecclesiastes 7:29Rank 17 from verse 30
- Ezekiel 22:7Rank 18 from verse 30
7In thee have they set light by father and mother: in the midst of thee have they dealt by oppression with the stranger: in thee have they vexed the fatherless and the widow.
7‖In thee haue they set light by father and mother: in the middest of thee haue they dealt by oppression with the stranger: in thee haue they vexed the fatherlesse and the widow:
- John 15:23–24Rank 19 from verse 30
23He that hateth me hateth my Father also.
24If I had not done among them the works which none other man did, they had not had sin: but now have they both seen and hated both me and my Father.
23He that hateth me, hateth my Father also.
24If I had not done among thē the works which none other man did, they had not had sinne: but now haue they both seene, & hated both me & my father.
- Luke 21:16Rank 20 from verse 30
- Matthew 15:4Rank 21 from verse 30
- Matthew 16:21Rank 22 from verse 30
21¶ From that time forth began Jesus to shew unto his disciples, how that he must go unto Jerusalem, and suffer many things of the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be killed, and be raised again the third day.
21¶ From that time foorth began Iesus to shew vnto his disciples, how that he must goe vnto Hierusalem, and suffer many things of the Elders and chiefe Priests & Scribes, and be killed, and be raised againe the third day.
- Numbers 10:35Rank 23 from verse 30
35And it came to pass, when the ark set forward, that Moses said, Rise up, Lord, and let thine enemies be scattered; and let them that hate thee flee before thee.
35And it came to passe when the Arke set forward, that Moses said, *Rise vp LORD, and let thine enemies be scattered, and let them that hate thee, flee before thee.
- Proverbs 25:23Rank 24 from verse 30
- Proverbs 8:36Rank 25 from verse 30
- Psalms 106:39Rank 26 from verse 30
- Psalms 49:6Rank 27 from verse 30
- Psalms 52:1Rank 28 from verse 30
- Psalms 81:15Rank 29 from verse 30
- Psalms 94:4Rank 30 from verse 30
- Psalms 97:7Rank 31 from verse 30
- Psalms 99:8Rank 32 from verse 30
- Romans 2:17Rank 33 from verse 30
- Romans 2:23Rank 34 from verse 30
- Romans 3:27Rank 35 from verse 30
- Proverbs 30:17Rank 37 from verse 30
17The eye that mocketh at his father, and despiseth to obey his mother, the ravens of the valley shall pick it out, and the young eagles shall eat it.
17‖The eye that mocketh at his father, and despiseth to obey his mother; the rauens of the valley shall picke it out, and the young Eagles shall eate it.
- Psalms 10:3Rank 38 from verse 30
WORDS IN THIS PASSAGE
Definitions
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DEFINED WORDS
Romans 1:28
1. Used to emphasize, include, or precisely identify what is meant: indeed, precisely, or namely. 2. Used to mark a boundary, endpoint, or full reach in place, time, or degree: up to, as far as, or through. 3. In ‘even as,’ ‘even so,’ and like constructions, just as, exactly so, or in the same manner. 4. The evening, or close of day. 5. Equal, level, identical, balanced, or uniform.
Meaning drawn from: KJV context and cross-references
Sense 1: Similar or of the same kind; in the same manner; likely. Sense 2: A like person or thing; an equal or counterpart. Sense 3: To please, choose, or regard with favour.
Meaning drawn from: KJV context and cross-references · Skeat 1893 · Webster 1828
To hold or keep in possession; not to lose or part with or dismiss.
Meaning drawn from: KJV context and cross-references · Webster 1828
The one true God.
Meaning drawn from: KJV context and cross-references
1. A preposition marking position, presence, state, circumstance, manner, means, sphere, reference, relation, association, or participation. 2. As an adverb, inward, inside, or into the place or position referred to.
Meaning drawn from: KJV context and cross-references
Understanding or awareness gained by knowing; recognition; what is known.
Meaning drawn from: KJV context and cross-references
1. Bestowed, delivered, or granted. 2. Caused or appointed.
Meaning drawn from: KJV context and cross-references · Webster 1828
Rejected or disapproved as failing the proof or standard; unfit or unacceptable in the stated respect.
Meaning drawn from: Direct Scripture definition · KJV context and cross-references · Skeat 1893 · Webster 1828
Sense 1: The inward faculty and activity of understanding, thought, memory, attention, judgment, intention, purpose, desire, disposition, resolve, or consent; what one thinks, wills, regards, or sets attention upon. Sense 2: To mind is to attend to, regard, remember, purpose, or be disposed toward something.
Meaning drawn from: Direct Scripture definition · KJV context and cross-references · Skeat 1893
1. An interrogative or relative pronoun identifying one or more persons or things from a stated or implied set. 2. That which; what.
Meaning drawn from: KJV context and cross-references
COMBINED MEANING
convenient
Fit, suitable, proper, or timely.
Meaning drawn from: KJV context and cross-references
DEFINED WORDS
Romans 1:29
Past-tense, participial, or adjectival form of fill. Sense 1: To make full or occupy capacity. Sense 2: To satisfy. Sense 3: To occupy. Sense 4: To complete what is lacking.
Meaning drawn from: KJV context and cross-references
COMBINED MEANING
unrighteousness
Injustice, wickedness, or violation of divine law and the principles of justice and equity.
Meaning drawn from: Direct Scripture definition · KJV context and cross-references · Webster 1828
COMBINED MEANING
fornication
1. Unlawful sexual relations. 2. By figure, unfaithful or illicit relations.
Meaning drawn from: KJV context and cross-references · Webster 1828
COMBINED MEANING
wickedness
Moral evil, sin, iniquity, injustice, perversity, or corrupt intent or conduct.
Meaning drawn from: KJV context and cross-references
COMBINED MEANING
covetousness
A selfish or inordinate desire to possess or gain, especially wealth or property; greed or avarice.
Meaning drawn from: KJV context and cross-references · Webster 1828
COMBINED MEANING
maliciousness
Malice, harmful ill will, or a disposition to do evil.
Meaning drawn from: KJV context and cross-references
Sense 1: Resentful desire at another's good. Sense 2: As a verb, to feel such jealousy.
Meaning drawn from: KJV context and cross-references
Sense 1: The unlawful, intentional killing of a person. Sense 2: As a verb, to kill unlawfully.
Meaning drawn from: KJV context and cross-references
Strife, contention.
Meaning drawn from: KJV context and cross-references · Cawdrey 1604
Falsehood, guile, fraud, trickery, or a purpose, word, or act intended to mislead.
Meaning drawn from: Direct Scripture definition · KJV context and cross-references
An evil disposition or harmful ill will.
Meaning drawn from: KJV context and cross-references · Webster 1828
COMBINED MEANING
whisperers
Persons who speak softly or secretly, especially to spread private accusations or slander.
Meaning drawn from: KJV context and cross-references
DEFINED WORDS
Romans 1:30
The one true God.
Meaning drawn from: KJV context and cross-references
COMBINED MEANING
despiteful
Malicious or spiteful.
Meaning drawn from: KJV context and cross-references · Skeat 1893
Having an unduly high opinion of oneself; haughty or self-exalting.
Meaning drawn from: KJV context and cross-references
Sense 1: Moral wickedness, sin, wrong, or corruption. Sense 2: Harm, misery, calamity, adversity, or punishment.
Meaning drawn from: KJV context and cross-references
COMBINED MEANING
disobedient
Refusing or failing to obey a command, word, authority, or duty; not compliant with what was required.
Meaning drawn from: KJV context and cross-references
To speak reproachfully, maliciously, or injuriously of another, especially behind the person’s back; a backbiter is one who does so.
Meaning drawn from: KJV context and cross-references
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27And likewise also the men, leaving the natural use of the woman, burned in their lust one toward another; men with men working that which is unseemly, and receiving in themselves that recompence of their error which was meet.
27And likewise also the men, leauing the naturall vse of the woman, burned in their lust one towards another, men with men working that which is vnseemely, and receiuing in themselues that recompense of their errour which was meet.
28And even as they did not like to retain God in their knowledge, God gave them over to a reprobate mind, to do those things which are not convenient;
28And euen as they did not like to ‖retaine God in their knowledge, God gaue them ouer to ‖a reprobate minde, to doe those things which are not conuenient:
Selected passage29Being filled with all unrighteousness, fornication, wickedness, covetousness, maliciousness; full of envy, murder, debate, deceit, malignity; whisperers,
29Being filled with all vnrighteousnes, fornication, wickednesse, couetousnes, maliciousnes, full of enuie, murther, debate, deceit, malignitie, whisperers,
Selected passage30Backbiters, haters of God, despiteful, proud, boasters, inventors of evil things, disobedient to parents,
30Backbiters, haters of God, despitefull, proude, boasters, inuenters of euill things, disobedient to parents;
Selected passage31Without understanding, covenantbreakers, without natural affection, implacable, unmerciful:
31Without vnderstanding, couenant breakers, without ‖naturall affection, implacable, vnmercifull;