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Lamentations 4:1–12

A connected passage, with study helps kept beside the verses they explain.

TEXT EDITION
Pure Cambridge Edition selected

Lamentations 4:1

1HOW is the gold become dim! how is the most fine gold changed! the stones of the sanctuary are poured out in the top of every street.

Lamentations 4:2

2The precious sons of Zion, comparable to fine gold, how are they esteemed as earthen pitchers, the work of the hands of the potter!

Lamentations 4:3

3Even the sea monsters draw out the breast, they give suck to their young ones: the daughter of my people is become cruel, like the ostriches in the wilderness.

Lamentations 4:4

4The tongue of the sucking child cleaveth to the roof of his mouth for thirst: the young children ask bread, and no man breaketh it unto them.

Lamentations 4:5

5They that did feed delicately are desolate in the streets: they that were brought up in scarlet embrace dunghills.

Lamentations 4:6

6For the punishment of the iniquity of the daughter of my people is greater than the punishment of the sin of Sodom, that was overthrown as in a moment, and no hands stayed on her.

Lamentations 4:7

7Her Nazarites were purer than snow, they were whiter than milk, they were more ruddy in body than rubies, their polishing was of sapphire:

Lamentations 4:8

8Their visage is blacker than a coal; they are not known in the streets: their skin cleaveth to their bones; it is withered, it is become like a stick.

Lamentations 4:9

9They that be slain with the sword are better than they that be slain with hunger: for these pine away, stricken through for want of the fruits of the field.

Lamentations 4:10

10The hands of the pitiful women have sodden their own children: they were their meat in the destruction of the daughter of my people.

Lamentations 4:11

11The Lord hath accomplished his fury; he hath poured out his fierce anger, and hath kindled a fire in Zion, and it hath devoured the foundations thereof.

Lamentations 4:12

12The kings of the earth, and all the inhabitants of the world, would not have believed that the adversary and the enemy should have entered into the gates of Jerusalem.

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DEFINED WORDS

Lamentations 4:1

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

dim

Faint or lacking brightness or clarity; also to obscure or make less bright.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

fine

Pure or refined; of excellent quality; also a payment imposed as a penalty, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: Bullokar 1616 · Skeat 1893

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

stones

Pieces or masses of rock; or, as a verb, strikes with stones, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

poured

Sent forth; thrown.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · Webster 1828 (independently verified transcription) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · KJV usage (PCE)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

out

Outside, away from within, forth, absent, or no longer in a stated condition.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

every

Each one of all; all taken separately, without exception in the stated group.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

DEFINED WORDS

Lamentations 4:2

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

comparable

Capable or worthy of being compared; similar or equal in a stated respect.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

fine

Pure or refined; of excellent quality; also a payment imposed as a penalty, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: Bullokar 1616 · Skeat 1893

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

pitchers

Water vessels or jugs, commonly having handles or spouts for pouring.

Meaning drawn from: Approved KJV word-family definition · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · KJV usage (PCE)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

work

Labor, activity, deed, operation, or a result produced; as a verb, to labor, act, make, produce, or bring about.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

hands

The end parts of the arms used for holding and working; also figures of power, possession, agency, or aid.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

DEFINED WORDS

Lamentations 4:3

MEANING IN THIS VERSE

Even

Indeed or precisely; adding emphasis to what follows.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

draw

To pull, drag, bring, lead, take out, attract, or make a line, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

out

Outside, away from within, forth, absent, or no longer in a stated condition.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

give

To grant, hand, offer, supply, yield, or cause to have.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

suck

Milk drawn from the breast by the mouth.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · Webster 1828 (independently verified transcription) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · KJV usage (PCE)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

young

Early in life or growth; not mature; also offspring, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · Webster 1828 (independently verified transcription)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

ones

Persons or things considered individually or as members of a stated class.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

people

Persons collectively; a nation, community, or group considered as a body.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

cruel

Disposed to give pain to others, in body or mind; willing or pleased to torment, vex or afflict; inhuman; destitute of pity, compassion or kindness; fierce; ferocious; savage; barbarous; hardhearted; applied to persons or their dispositions.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · Webster 1828 (independently verified transcription) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · KJV usage (PCE)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

like

Similar or of the same kind; in the same manner; likely; or, as a verb, to please.

Meaning drawn from: Skeat 1893 · Webster 1828

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

ostriches

The creature called an ostrich in the KJV; the KJV does not identify it with a particular modern species.

Meaning drawn from: Approved KJV word-family definition · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · KJV usage (PCE)

DEFINED WORDS

Lamentations 4:4

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

child

A son or daughter; a young person; a descendant; or one characterized by a stated relation or quality.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

cleaveth

To split or divide; in a different sense, to cling closely or remain joined.

Meaning drawn from: Approved KJV word-family definition · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · KJV usage (PCE)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

mouth

The opening used for eating and speaking; also an opening, edge, command, or testimony by extension.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

thirst

A strong need or desire for drink; by figure, an intense desire for something.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

young

Early in life or growth; not mature; also offspring, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · Webster 1828 (independently verified transcription)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

children

Sons or daughters; descendants; or persons likened to children by age, relation, or character.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

man

A human being; an adult male; a person, husband, servant, or representative, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

DEFINED WORDS

Lamentations 4:5

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

feed

To give or take food; to nourish, tend, or graze; also food for animals.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

delicately

Tenderly; with indulgence in ease, elegance and luxury; with soft elegance; in a delicate manner; with nice regard to propriety and the feelings of others.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

embrace

To clasp in the arms; to receive, accept, or welcome readily.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

DEFINED WORDS

Lamentations 4:6

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

punishment

Any pain or suffering inflicted on a person for a crime or offense, by the authority to which the offender is subject, either by the constitution of God or of civil society.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · Webster 1828 (independently verified transcription) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · KJV usage (PCE)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

people

Persons collectively; a nation, community, or group considered as a body.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

sin

Transgression of the law of God; an offence against God; or the sinful principle or condition, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · Webster 1828 (independently verified transcription)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

Sodom

The city of Sodom near the Dead Sea, destroyed in the judgment recorded in Genesis.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

hands

The end parts of the arms used for holding and working; also figures of power, possession, agency, or aid.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

stayed

Remained, stopped, restrained, supported, fixed, or settled.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

DEFINED WORDS

Lamentations 4:7

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

purer

Separate from all heterogeneous or extraneous matter; clear; free from mixture;, as pure water; pure clay; pure sand; pure air; pure silver or gold. Free from moral defilement; without spot; not sullied or tarnished; incorrupt; undebased by moral turpitude; holy.

Meaning drawn from: Approved KJV word-family definition · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · KJV usage (PCE)

MEANING IN THIS VERSE

snow

Frozen precipitation falling or lying in white flakes.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

MEANING IN THIS VERSE

ruddy

Of a red color; of a lively flesh color, or the color of the human skin in high health.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

body

A physical body; a corpse; or an organized whole composed of members, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · Webster 1828 (independently verified transcription)

MEANING IN THIS VERSE

sapphire

A precious stone named in the breastplate and other KJV descriptions; the entry does not impose a disputed modern mineral identification.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

DEFINED WORDS

Lamentations 4:8

MEANING IN THIS VERSE

coal

A piece of wood, or other combustible substance, ignited, burning, or charred.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

known

Recognized, understood, perceived, acknowledged, or made evident.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

skin

The natural outer covering of a person or animal; the hide or exterior covering; also, to strip off the skin or hide.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · Webster 1828 (independently verified transcription) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · KJV usage (PCE)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

cleaveth

To split or divide; in a different sense, to cling closely or remain joined.

Meaning drawn from: Approved KJV word-family definition · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · KJV usage (PCE)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

like

Similar or of the same kind; in the same manner; likely; or, as a verb, to please.

Meaning drawn from: Skeat 1893 · Webster 1828

DEFINED WORDS

Lamentations 4:9

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

slain

Killed or put to death, especially by violence.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

hunger

The bodily craving or need for food; as a verb, to feel that need or earnestly desire.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · Webster 1828 (independently verified transcription) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · KJV usage (PCE)

MEANING IN THIS VERSE

stricken

Struck, smitten, pierced, afflicted, or visited with the blow or calamity stated.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

through

From one side or end to another; by means of; throughout; or because of, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

fruits

The produce of a plant; offspring; or the result and effect of conduct, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: Approved KJV word-family definition · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · KJV usage (PCE)

DEFINED WORDS

Lamentations 4:10

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

hands

The end parts of the arms used for holding and working; also figures of power, possession, agency, or aid.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

MEANING IN THIS VERSE

pitiful

Full of pity; tender; compassionate; having a heart to feel sorrow and sympathy for the distressed.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

own

Belonging to oneself; peculiar or proper to the person or thing named.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · Webster 1828 (independently verified transcription)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

children

Sons or daughters; descendants; or persons likened to children by age, relation, or character.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

MEANING IN THIS VERSE

destruction

Ruin, overthrow, death, wasting, or the calamity and loss produced by destroying.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

people

Persons collectively; a nation, community, or group considered as a body.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

DEFINED WORDS

Lamentations 4:11

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

Lord

LORD: The name of God the Father in English, from the Hebrew Tetragrammaton YHWH, also rendered GOD and JEHOVAH. Lord: A title applied to God and Christ as ruler and master, the one to whom worship and obedience are due. lord: A male master, owner, ruler, or superior addressed or described as one having authority.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE) · Strong 1890 (alignment witness) · Webster 1828

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

accomplished

Finished; completed; fulfilled; executed; effected.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

poured

Sent forth; thrown.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · Webster 1828 (independently verified transcription) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · KJV usage (PCE)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

out

Outside, away from within, forth, absent, or no longer in a stated condition.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

fierce

Vehement; violent; furious; rushing; impetuous.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · Webster 1828 (independently verified transcription) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · KJV usage (PCE)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

anger

Strong displeasure or indignation; as a verb, to provoke to such displeasure.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

fire

Flame and burning heat; figuratively, fiery trial, judgment, zeal, or anger; to kindle or burn.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

devoured

Eaten; swallowed with greediness; consumed; destroyed; wasted; slain.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

DEFINED WORDS

Lamentations 4:12

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

earth

The ground or dry land; the world or inhabited realm; or a country and its people, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · KJV usage (PCE)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

all

Wholly, entirely, or altogether; every one or the whole amount, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

believed

Credited; assented to, as true.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

SCRIPTURE WITH SCRIPTURE

Cross References

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From verse 1

  1. Ezekiel 7:19–22
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  2. Lamentations 2:19
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  3. Isaiah 1:21
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  4. 2 Kings 25:9–10
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  5. Isaiah 14:12
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From verse 2

  1. Isaiah 30:14
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  2. Jeremiah 19:11
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  3. Romans 9:21–23
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  4. 2 Timothy 2:20
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  5. 2 Corinthians 4:7
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From verse 3

  1. Ezekiel 5:10
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  2. Luke 23:28–29
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  3. Lamentations 2:20
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  4. Lamentations 4:10
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  5. 2 Kings 6:26–29
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From verse 4

  1. Psalms 22:15
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  2. Lamentations 2:11–12
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  3. Psalms 137:6
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  4. Deuteronomy 32:24
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  5. Lamentations 1:11
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From verse 5

  1. Luke 16:19
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  2. Amos 6:3–7
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  3. Luke 15:16
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  4. Proverbs 31:21
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  5. 1 Timothy 5:6
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From verse 6

  1. Genesis 19:25
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  2. Isaiah 1:9–10
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  3. Luke 10:12
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  4. Luke 12:47
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  5. Matthew 24:21
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From verse 7

  1. Psalms 51:7
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  2. Psalms 144:12
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  3. Song of Solomon 5:10
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  4. 1 Samuel 16:12
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  5. Amos 2:11–12
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From verse 8

  1. Lamentations 5:10
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  2. Job 30:30
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  3. Psalms 102:3–5
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  4. Job 19:20
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  5. Psalms 119:83
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From verse 9

  1. Ezekiel 24:23
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  2. Jeremiah 16:4
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  3. Leviticus 26:39
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  4. Ezekiel 33:10
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From verse 10

  1. 2 Kings 6:26–29
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  2. Isaiah 49:15
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  3. Lamentations 2:20
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  4. Jeremiah 19:9
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  5. Ezekiel 5:10
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From verse 11

  1. Jeremiah 7:20
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  2. Ezekiel 22:31
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  3. Jeremiah 17:27
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  4. Lamentations 2:17
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  5. Daniel 9:12
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From verse 12

  1. Deuteronomy 29:24–28
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  2. Psalms 48:4–6
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  3. 1 Kings 9:8–9
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  4. Jeremiah 21:13
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