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Romans 5:14–21

A connected passage, with study helps kept beside the verses they explain.

TEXT EDITION
Pure Cambridge Edition selected

Romans 5:14

14Nevertheless death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over them that had not sinned after the similitude of Adam’s transgression, who is the figure of him that was to come.

Romans 5:15

15But not as the offence, so also is the free gift. For if through the offence of one many be dead, much more the grace of God, and the gift by grace, which is by one man, Jesus Christ, hath abounded unto many.

Romans 5:16

16And not as it was by one that sinned, so is the gift: for the judgment was by one to condemnation, but the free gift is of many offences unto justification.

Romans 5:17

17For if by one man’s offence death reigned by one; much more they which receive abundance of grace and of the gift of righteousness shall reign in life by one, Jesus Christ.)

Romans 5:18

18Therefore as by the offence of one judgment came upon all men to condemnation; even so by the righteousness of one the free gift came upon all men unto justification of life.

Romans 5:19

19For as by one man’s disobedience many were made sinners, so by the obedience of one shall many be made righteous.

Romans 5:20

20Moreover the law entered, that the offence might abound. But where sin abounded, grace did much more abound:

Romans 5:21

21That as sin hath reigned unto death, even so might grace reign through righteousness unto eternal life by Jesus Christ our Lord.

ENSURE CONTEXTUALIZATION

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DEFINED WORDS

Romans 5:14

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

reigned

To reign: to rule as a king or exercise sovereign authority.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

MEANING IN THIS VERSE

even

Indeed or precisely; adding emphasis to what follows.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

sinned

To sin: to transgress against God or violate his law.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

after

Later than, behind, following, or in pursuit of, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

similitude

Likeness; resemblance; likeness in nature, qualities of appearance; a likeness; Comparison, parable.

Meaning drawn from: Bullokar 1616 · Skeat 1893 · Webster 1828

MEANING IN THIS VERSE

transgression

A passing beyond or violation of God's law, command, covenant, or known duty; an offense or sin.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

DEFINED WORDS

Romans 5:15

MEANING IN THIS VERSE

but

However; introducing a contrast with what precedes.

Meaning drawn from: Skeat 1893 · KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

free

Being at liberty; not being under necessity or restraint, physical or moral; a word of general application to the body, the will or mind, and to corporations. Clear of crime or offense; guiltless; innocent.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · Webster 1828 (independently verified transcription) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · KJV usage (PCE)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

gift

Something given or bestowed; a present, endowment, or ability; in some contexts, a bribe.

Meaning drawn from: Skeat 1893 · Webster 1828

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

through

From one side or end to another; by means of; throughout; or because of, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

one

The number one; a single person or thing; the same or united as a whole.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

many

A great number; numerous persons or things.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · Webster 1828 (independently verified transcription)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

dead

Without life; deprived of life; also lifeless, inactive, insensible, or separated from a former state by figure.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

much

A great quantity or degree; abundant in amount.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · Webster 1828 (independently verified transcription)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

God

A deity or object of worship; when referring to the LORD, the one true God.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

man

A human being; an adult male; a person, husband, servant, or representative, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

abounded

To have or possess in great quantity; to be copiously supplied; followed by with or in.

Meaning drawn from: Approved KJV word-family definition · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · KJV usage (PCE)

DEFINED WORDS

Romans 5:16

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

one

The number one; a single person or thing; the same or united as a whole.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

sinned

To sin: to transgress against God or violate his law.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

gift

Something given or bestowed; a present, endowment, or ability; in some contexts, a bribe.

Meaning drawn from: Skeat 1893 · Webster 1828

MEANING IN THIS VERSE

condemnation

The act or sentence of declaring guilty and liable to judgment; the state, cause, or result of being condemned.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

MEANING IN THIS VERSE

but

But; marking a contrast or qualification in the sentence.

Meaning drawn from: Skeat 1893 · KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

free

Being at liberty; not being under necessity or restraint, physical or moral; a word of general application to the body, the will or mind, and to corporations. Clear of crime or offense; guiltless; innocent.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · Webster 1828 (independently verified transcription) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · KJV usage (PCE)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

many

A great number; numerous persons or things.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · Webster 1828 (independently verified transcription)

DEFINED WORDS

Romans 5:17

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

one

The number one; a single person or thing; the same or united as a whole.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

man

A human being; an adult male; a person, husband, servant, or representative, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

reigned

To reign: to rule as a king or exercise sovereign authority.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

much

A great quantity or degree; abundant in amount.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · Webster 1828 (independently verified transcription)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

receive

To take, accept, admit, welcome, or obtain what is given or presented.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · Webster 1828 (independently verified transcription)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

abundance

Great plenty; an overflowing quantity; ample sufficiency; in strictness applicable to quantity only; but customarily used of number, as an abundance of peasants.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · Webster 1828 (independently verified transcription) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · KJV usage (PCE)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

gift

Something given or bestowed; a present, endowment, or ability; in some contexts, a bribe.

Meaning drawn from: Skeat 1893 · Webster 1828

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

righteousness

The state or character of being righteous; justice, uprightness, or conformity to what is right.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

reign

To rule as a king or exercise sovereign authority; also the period or exercise of such rule.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · Webster 1828 (independently verified transcription)

DEFINED WORDS

Romans 5:18

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

one

The number one; a single person or thing; the same or united as a whole.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

all

Wholly, entirely, or altogether; every one or the whole amount, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

MEANING IN THIS VERSE

condemnation

The act or sentence of declaring guilty and liable to judgment; the state, cause, or result of being condemned.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

righteousness

The state or character of being righteous; justice, uprightness, or conformity to what is right.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

free

Being at liberty; not being under necessity or restraint, physical or moral; a word of general application to the body, the will or mind, and to corporations. Clear of crime or offense; guiltless; innocent.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · Webster 1828 (independently verified transcription) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · KJV usage (PCE)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

gift

Something given or bestowed; a present, endowment, or ability; in some contexts, a bribe.

Meaning drawn from: Skeat 1893 · Webster 1828

DEFINED WORDS

Romans 5:19

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

one

The number one; a single person or thing; the same or united as a whole.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

man

A human being; an adult male; a person, husband, servant, or representative, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

MEANING IN THIS VERSE

disobedience

Neglect or refusal to obey; violation of a command or prohibition; the omission of that which is commanded to be done, or the doing of that which is forbid; breach of duty prescribed by authority.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

many

A great number; numerous persons or things.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · Webster 1828 (independently verified transcription)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

sinners

Persons who sin; those guilty of transgression against God.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

MEANING IN THIS VERSE

obedience

The obedience of the one identified in the verse, without turning the noun into a general claim that salvation is earned by human works.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

righteous

Just, right, or conforming to God's law and judgment; equitable or upright; as a noun, a person characterized as righteous.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

DEFINED WORDS

Romans 5:20

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

law

A rule, command, or body of commands established by authority; especially God's commandments or the law given through Moses, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

abound

To have or possess in great quantity; to be copiously supplied; followed by with or in.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · Webster 1828 (independently verified transcription) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · KJV usage (PCE)

MEANING IN THIS VERSE

but

But; marking a contrast or qualification in the sentence.

Meaning drawn from: Skeat 1893 · KJV usage (PCE + 1611)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

sin

Transgression of the law of God; an offence against God; or the sinful principle or condition, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · Webster 1828 (independently verified transcription)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

abounded

To have or possess in great quantity; to be copiously supplied; followed by with or in.

Meaning drawn from: Approved KJV word-family definition · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · KJV usage (PCE)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

much

A great quantity or degree; abundant in amount.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · Webster 1828 (independently verified transcription)

DEFINED WORDS

Romans 5:21

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

sin

Transgression of the law of God; an offence against God; or the sinful principle or condition, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · Webster 1828 (independently verified transcription)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

reigned

To reign: to rule as a king or exercise sovereign authority.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

reign

To rule as a king or exercise sovereign authority; also the period or exercise of such rule.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE) · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness) · Webster 1828 (independently verified transcription)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

through

From one side or end to another; by means of; throughout; or because of, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

righteousness

The state or character of being righteous; justice, uprightness, or conformity to what is right.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE + 1611) · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 (KJV alignment witness)

MEANING IN THIS VERSE

Lord

A title of authority applied here to God, Christ, or a male master or ruler, according to the verse.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage (PCE) · Strong 1890 (alignment witness) · Webster 1828

SCRIPTURE WITH SCRIPTURE

Cross References

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From verse 14

  1. 1 Corinthians 15:45
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  2. Hebrews 9:27
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  3. Romans 5:17
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  4. Genesis 7:22
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  5. Romans 5:21
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From verse 15

  1. Ephesians 2:8
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  2. Romans 5:12
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  3. Romans 6:23
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  4. 1 John 5:11
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  5. 2 Corinthians 9:15
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From verse 16

  1. Acts 13:38–39
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  2. Isaiah 1:18
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  3. Isaiah 43:25
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  4. Isaiah 44:22
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  5. 1 Corinthians 11:32
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From verse 17

  1. 1 Corinthians 15:21–22
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  2. 1 Corinthians 15:49
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  3. Romans 5:12
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  4. John 10:10
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  5. 2 Timothy 2:12
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From verse 18

  1. 1 Corinthians 15:22
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  2. Romans 5:12
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  3. Romans 5:15
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  4. Acts 13:39
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  5. Romans 5:19
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From verse 19

  1. Romans 5:18
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  2. 2 Corinthians 5:21
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  3. Philippians 2:8
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  4. Romans 5:12
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  5. Ephesians 1:6
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From verse 20

  1. Romans 6:1
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  2. Titus 3:3–7
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  3. Psalms 25:11
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  4. Romans 6:14
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  5. Galatians 3:19–25
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From verse 21

  1. Titus 2:11
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  2. John 1:16–17
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  3. Romans 5:14
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  4. Romans 6:14
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  5. Romans 6:23
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