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Romans 9:13–31

A connected passage, with study helps kept beside the verses they explain.

TEXT EDITION
Pure Cambridge Edition selected

Romans 9:13

13As it is written, Jacob have I loved, but Esau have I hated.

Romans 9:14

14What shall we say then? Is there unrighteousness with God? God forbid.

Romans 9:15

15For he saith to Moses, I will have mercy on whom I will have mercy, and I will have compassion on whom I will have compassion.

Romans 9:16

16So then it is not of him that willeth, nor of him that runneth, but of God that sheweth mercy.

Romans 9:17

17For the scripture saith unto Pharaoh, Even for this same purpose have I raised thee up, that I might shew my power in thee, and that my name might be declared throughout all the earth.

Romans 9:18

18Therefore hath he mercy on whom he will have mercy, and whom he will he hardeneth.

Romans 9:19

19Thou wilt say then unto me, Why doth he yet find fault? For who hath resisted his will?

Romans 9:20

20Nay but, O man, who art thou that repliest against God? Shall the thing formed say to him that formed it, Why hast thou made me thus?

Romans 9:21

21Hath not the potter power over the clay, of the same lump to make one vessel unto honour, and another unto dishonour?

Romans 9:22

22What if God, willing to shew his wrath, and to make his power known, endured with much longsuffering the vessels of wrath fitted to destruction:

Romans 9:23

23And that he might make known the riches of his glory on the vessels of mercy, which he had afore prepared unto glory,

Romans 9:24

24Even us, whom he hath called, not of the Jews only, but also of the Gentiles?

Romans 9:25

25As he saith also in Osee, I will call them my people, which were not my people; and her beloved, which was not beloved.

Romans 9:26

26And it shall come to pass, that in the place where it was said unto them, Ye are not my people; there shall they be called the children of the living God.

Romans 9:27

27Esaias also crieth concerning Israel, Though the number of the children of Israel be as the sand of the sea, a remnant shall be saved:

Romans 9:28

28For he will finish the work, and cut it short in righteousness: because a short work will the Lord make upon the earth.

Romans 9:29

29And as Esaias said before, Except the Lord of Sabaoth had left us a seed, we had been as Sodoma, and been made like unto Gomorrha.

Romans 9:30

30What shall we say then? That the Gentiles, which followed not after righteousness, have attained to righteousness, even the righteousness which is of faith.

Romans 9:31

31But Israel, which followed after the law of righteousness, hath not attained to the law of righteousness.

ENSURE CONTEXTUALIZATION

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DEFINED WORDS

Romans 9:13

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

written

To write: to set down, record, or communicate in letters or writing.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Strong 1890 · Webster 1828

DEFINED WORDS

Romans 9:14

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

God

A deity or object of worship; when referring to the LORD, the one true God.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

forbid

To command that something not be done; to prohibit or hinder.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890

DEFINED WORDS

Romans 9:15

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

mercy

Compassion or pity shown to the distressed or guilty; kindness that withholds deserved harm.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Strong 1890 · Webster 1828

DEFINED WORDS

Romans 9:16

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

God

A deity or object of worship; when referring to the LORD, the one true God.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

mercy

Compassion or pity shown to the distressed or guilty; kindness that withholds deserved harm.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Strong 1890 · Webster 1828

DEFINED WORDS

Romans 9:17

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

raised

Lifted or set upright; exalted; built or produced; called forth; or restored to life, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · KJV usage

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

power

Ability, strength, authority, dominion, or the right and capacity to act.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Strong 1890 · Webster 1828

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

name

A word or appellation by which a person or thing is known; also reputation, character, authority, remembrance, or the person represented, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · KJV usage

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

all

Wholly, entirely, or altogether; every one or the whole amount, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

earth

The ground or dry land; the world or inhabited realm; or a country and its people, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · KJV usage

DEFINED WORDS

Romans 9:18

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

mercy

Compassion or pity shown to the distressed or guilty; kindness that withholds deserved harm.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Strong 1890 · Webster 1828

DEFINED WORDS

Romans 9:19

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

wilt

To will, choose, intend, or be disposed to; as an auxiliary, indicates future action.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

find

To discover, meet with, obtain, perceive, or learn by search or experience.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Strong 1890 · Webster 1828

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

fault

Properly, an erring or missing; a failing; hence, an error or mistake; a blunder; a defect; a blemish; whatever impairs excellence; applied to things.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · Strong 1890 · KJV usage

DEFINED WORDS

Romans 9:20

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

man

A human being; an adult male; a person, husband, servant, or representative, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

against

Opposed to, contrary to, facing, toward, or in contact with; in some settings, exposed to or ready for a stated time.

Meaning drawn from: Skeat 1893

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

God

A deity or object of worship; when referring to the LORD, the one true God.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890

DEFINED WORDS

Romans 9:21

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

power

Ability, strength, authority, dominion, or the right and capacity to act.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Strong 1890 · Webster 1828

MEANING IN THIS VERSE

lump

A mass of things blended or thrown together without order or distinction.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · KJV usage

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

one

The number one; a single person or thing; the same or united as a whole.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890

DEFINED WORDS

Romans 9:22

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

God

A deity or object of worship; when referring to the LORD, the one true God.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

wrath

Intense anger or indignation; also judgment or punishment proceeding from such anger.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Strong 1890 · Webster 1828

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

power

Ability, strength, authority, dominion, or the right and capacity to act.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Strong 1890 · Webster 1828

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

known

Recognized, understood, perceived, acknowledged, or made evident.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

much

A great quantity or degree; abundant in amount.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Strong 1890 · Webster 1828

MEANING IN THIS VERSE

destruction

The final ruin or perdition toward which the ungodly are headed or for which they are fitted by their course.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · KJV usage

DEFINED WORDS

Romans 9:23

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

known

Recognized, understood, perceived, acknowledged, or made evident.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

glory

Splendour, honour, praise, majesty, or a ground of rejoicing or boasting.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

mercy

Compassion or pity shown to the distressed or guilty; kindness that withholds deserved harm.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Strong 1890 · Webster 1828

DEFINED WORDS

Romans 9:24

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

called

Named, summoned, invited, proclaimed, or addressed, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

Jews

Members of the Jewish people; Hebrews or Israelites identified as Jews.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

Gentiles

Persons of the nations; in the New Testament, persons distinguished from Jews.

Meaning drawn from: Cawdrey 1604 · KJV usage

DEFINED WORDS

Romans 9:25

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

call

To name, summon, invite, proclaim, address, or request, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890

DEFINED WORDS

Romans 9:26

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

said

Spoke, declared, reported, commanded, or expressed in words.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

called

Named, summoned, invited, proclaimed, or addressed, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

children

Sons or daughters; descendants; or persons likened to children by age, relation, or character.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

God

A deity or object of worship; when referring to the LORD, the one true God.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890

DEFINED WORDS

Romans 9:27

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

Israel

The name given to Jacob and, by extension, his descendants, their nation, or the people so called in Scripture.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Strong 1890

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

number

A count or quantity; also to count, reckon, appoint, or include among a group.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Strong 1890 · Webster 1828

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

children

Sons or daughters; descendants; or persons likened to children by age, relation, or character.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

saved

Preserved or delivered from danger, injury, destruction, or loss; rescued, spared, or kept alive.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · KJV usage

DEFINED WORDS

Romans 9:28

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

work

Labor, activity, deed, operation, or a result produced; as a verb, to labor, act, make, produce, or bring about.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · KJV usage

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

cut

To divide, sever, remove, or wound with a sharp instrument; figuratively, to grieve deeply or bring to an end.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · KJV usage

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

righteousness

The state or character of being righteous; justice, uprightness, or conformity to what is right.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890

MEANING IN THIS VERSE

Lord

A title of authority applied here to God, Christ, or a male master or ruler, according to the verse.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Strong 1890 · Webster 1828

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

earth

The ground or dry land; the world or inhabited realm; or a country and its people, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: Webster 1828 · KJV usage

DEFINED WORDS

Romans 9:29

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

said

Spoke, declared, reported, commanded, or expressed in words.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

before

Earlier than in time; in front of; in the presence of; or prior in order or rank, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Strong 1890 · Webster 1828

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

Except

To exclude or leave out; also to object or make an exception.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890

MEANING IN THIS VERSE

Lord

A title of authority applied here to God, Christ, or a male master or ruler, according to the verse.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Strong 1890 · Webster 1828

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

like

Similar or of the same kind; in the same manner; likely; or, as a verb, to please.

Meaning drawn from: Skeat 1893 · Webster 1828

DEFINED WORDS

Romans 9:30

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

Gentiles

Persons of the nations; in the New Testament, persons distinguished from Jews.

Meaning drawn from: Cawdrey 1604 · KJV usage

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

after

Later than, behind, following, or in pursuit of, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

righteousness

The state or character of being righteous; justice, uprightness, or conformity to what is right.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

attained

To reach, arrive at, or obtain by movement, effort, or progress.

Meaning drawn from: Approved KJV word-family definition · Strong 1890 · KJV usage

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

faith

Trust, belief, confidence, or reliance; especially trust in God and belief in his word, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Strong 1890 · Webster 1828

DEFINED WORDS

Romans 9:31

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

Israel

The name given to Jacob and, by extension, his descendants, their nation, or the people so called in Scripture.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Strong 1890

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

after

Later than, behind, following, or in pursuit of, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

law

A rule, command, or body of commands established by authority; especially God's commandments or the law given through Moses, according to context.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

righteousness

The state or character of being righteous; justice, uprightness, or conformity to what is right.

Meaning drawn from: KJV usage · Webster 1828 · Strong 1890

APPROVED COMBINED MEANING

attained

To reach, arrive at, or obtain by movement, effort, or progress.

Meaning drawn from: Approved KJV word-family definition · Strong 1890 · KJV usage

SCRIPTURE WITH SCRIPTURE

Cross References

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From verse 13

  1. Malachi 1:2–3
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  2. Deuteronomy 21:15
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  3. Genesis 29:31
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  4. Genesis 29:33
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  5. Luke 14:26
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From verse 14

  1. 2 Chronicles 19:7
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  2. Psalms 145:17
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  3. Deuteronomy 32:4
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  4. Job 34:10–12
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  5. Psalms 92:15
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From verse 15

  1. Exodus 33:19
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  2. Romans 9:16
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  3. Micah 7:18
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  4. Romans 9:18–19
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  5. Exodus 34:6–7
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From verse 16

  1. Ephesians 2:8
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  2. Matthew 11:25–26
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  3. Philippians 2:13
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  4. 1 Peter 2:9–10
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  5. Ephesians 2:4–5
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From verse 17

  1. Exodus 9:16
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  2. Proverbs 16:4
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  3. Exodus 10:1–2
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  4. Exodus 14:17–18
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  5. 1 Samuel 2:7–8
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From verse 18

  1. Exodus 4:21
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  2. Joshua 11:20
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  3. Romans 9:15–16
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  4. 2 Thessalonians 2:10–12
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  5. Romans 11:7–8
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From verse 19

  1. Daniel 4:35
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  2. 2 Chronicles 20:6
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  3. 1 Corinthians 15:12
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  4. 1 Corinthians 15:35
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  5. Genesis 50:20
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From verse 20

  1. Isaiah 29:16
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  2. Isaiah 45:9–11
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  3. Isaiah 64:8
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  4. Job 33:13
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  5. Job 36:23
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From verse 21

  1. Isaiah 64:8
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  2. 2 Timothy 2:20–21
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  3. Proverbs 16:4
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  4. Jeremiah 18:3–6
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  5. Acts 9:15
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From verse 22

  1. Proverbs 16:4
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  2. Jude 1:4
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  3. 1 Peter 2:8
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  4. Romans 9:21
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  5. 2 Timothy 2:20
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From verse 23

  1. Romans 2:4
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  2. 1 Peter 1:2–5
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  3. Colossians 1:27
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  4. Ephesians 2:10
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  5. Ephesians 3:16
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From verse 24

  1. Colossians 3:11
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  2. 1 Corinthians 1:9
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  3. 1 Peter 5:10
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  4. Acts 13:47–48
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  5. Acts 15:14
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From verse 25

  1. Hosea 2:23
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  2. 1 Peter 2:10
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  3. Ezekiel 16:8
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  4. John 16:27
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  5. Romans 1:7
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From verse 26

  1. Hosea 1:9–10
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  2. 1 John 3:1–3
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  3. Galatians 3:26
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  4. Isaiah 43:6
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  5. Romans 8:16
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From verse 27

  1. Isaiah 10:20–23
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  2. Romans 11:4–6
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  3. Isaiah 1:9
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  4. Hosea 1:10
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  5. Ezekiel 6:8
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From verse 28

  1. Isaiah 10:23
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  2. Acts 17:31
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  3. Isaiah 30:12–14
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  4. Psalms 9:8
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  5. Revelation 19:11
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From verse 29

  1. Isaiah 1:9
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  2. Isaiah 13:19
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  3. Amos 4:11
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  4. James 5:4
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  5. Jeremiah 49:18
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From verse 30

  1. Philippians 3:9
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  2. Hebrews 11:7
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  3. Galatians 2:16
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  4. Romans 4:11
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  5. Galatians 5:5
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From verse 31

  1. Romans 11:7
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  2. James 2:10–11
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  3. Romans 3:20
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  4. Galatians 5:3–4
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  5. Romans 10:2–4
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FOLLOW THE THEME

Related Concepts

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